How Hybrid Cars Work

Hybrid car is a combination of electric car and gasoline car. A fuel driven car has a fuel tank and engine and transmission. This tank supplies the fuel to the engine turns the transmission which thus drives the car. The electric car runs on the battery. Battery supplies the electricity to the motor or the engine working on the electrical impulse.

The hybrid car is a combination of both the electric and fuel car. It has the fuel tank as well as the battery. The hybrid car has the gasoline engine, fuel tank, battery, generator and electric motor.

How hybrid car works?

The engine is like the gasoline car but in a slightly modified form and smaller in size than that used in pure fuel cars. The fuel tank is smaller than the fuel tank in fuel driven cars. The generator electric power and is used most commonly in the series hybrid cars.

Generator differentiates the hybrid car from fuel driven and battery driven cars. The parts of the hybrid car are light in weight when compared to the fuel driven cars. Hybrid cars use power from both the sources- gasoline and battery.

This combination is used either in parallel or in series. In parallel combination both the fuel and battery are used to turn the transmission. The fuel tank supply fuel and battery supply the electric current to the electric motor.

In series combination, the fuel and battery are used in series. The fuel engine turns the generator which in turn charges the battery. The battery then turns the transmission. The fuel engine turns the generator which turns the internal combustion engine. The fuel is required till the combustion chamber comes to certain temperature. Once a certain temperature is attained, the fuel consumption turns off and the electric motor comes into play.

Advantages of hybrid car

A hybrid car gives several advantages over the other two types. Firstly it uses less fuel. This fuel efficiency gives higher mileage for the same amount of fuel than that consumed in gasoline cars. This is because the engine is smaller in size in hybrid cars. Besides this the cars utilize advanced aerodynamics to reduce the drag which in torn increase the fuel efficiency.

Besides this the hybrid cars are made of light material and tires which are designed such that they give smooth ride. The battery driven car gives less mileage although they are less polluting than the fuel driven cars. Recharging the battery car add to inconvenience.

The gasoline cars on the other hand give higher mileage but pollute the atmosphere due to the high amount of fuel they consume. The hybrid car gives greater mileage, require less refueling and cause lesser pollution.

How Electronic Ink Works

Electronic ink is used for e-books and electronic newspapers. It is a liquid containing numerous microcapsules. Each microcapsule unit is made up of white particles suspended in a vegetable oil like liquid which act as a carrier medium.

When an electric current is applied the particles appear on the surface of the microcapsule and thus the screen appears white. When an electric impulse is applied to the top of microcapsule then white particles appear on the surface and the part of the surface appears white. When an opposite current is applied then the particles float to the bottom of the surface and the screen appear dark. Thus by alternating the current, the surface can be made to appear dark or white.

The electronic ink display is formed by coating a plastic sheet with a film of ink. This is then laminated on a circuitry layer. This layer is controlled by the display driver. The charge pattern applied to the surface controlled, by the display driver; display the text on the surface of the screen.

E- Ink Corporation will manufacture electronic display for digital watches, cell phones, PDA and pagers. The electronic ink has several advantages over the computer display that are in use. Firstly if you read the electronic ink text, it appears more like the print text in newspapers and magazines. It is more comfortable to the eyes than the traditional display on the computer screen.

The electronic ink can be used any where. You can use it on the signboards, on your walls and billboard. The ink also uses less power when compared to liquid crystal display. The power use is about fifty times less when compared to liquid crystal display.

Xerox and E-ink Corporation are into the business of electronic display. Xerox came up with the electronic paper in 1970s. This electronic paper was a form of electronic ink. This is with the technology of microscopic balls. These balls are white on one side and dark on the other side. When the electric current is applied to these balls, they rotate in the electric field and produce the pattern of dark and white depending on the charge applied.

Xerox has developed a rubber sheet with embedded microscopic balls, which work on the same principle. This rubber sheet is used to produce the pages of digital books.

E-ink is extending the technology to create Radio paper, light weight in nature and it will allow you to download of the news and novel stuff just on a click.

Know about full keyboard phones

These are also called as Querty phones or smart phones. These smart phones have full functional personal computer capabilities and also with basic features found in phones. First smart phone was IBM Simon which entered the market in 1993. It had the calendar, world clock and notepad, address book, games, send and receive fax. Today smart phone are with planner, web browser, MP3 player, video and still camera and similar other features.

Smart phone give different functional feature to users. Some of them are:

1. Managing personal information.
2. Performing all the banking operations online.
3. Internet connectivity which facilitate web browsing, answering and sending e-mails.
4. Transfer of data and information between mobile and personal computer.
5. Media player organizer
6. Note pad
7. Touch screen
8. Operating system

The list is long and growing with all the discoveries. They have connectivity with the Bluetooth technology which helps them to connect with other devices. Infrared technology and wireless internet technology is also available with some smart phones available in the market.

With latest features being added to the mobile phones full keyboard phones are becoming a necessity. There are keyboard phones available in the market with different features. Blackberry available as Rim Blackberry 8800 has GPS, camera and operational based blackberry operating system. Apple iPhone has X operating system, Wi-Fi connection and Querty keyboard. Motorola Q has windows a full keyboard and a camera.

Nokia released its smart phones in 1996 as Nokia communicator starting with Nokia 9000. 9210 was first colored communicator in the Nokia series of smart phones. If you are using your smart phone regularly and performing internet functions with your keyboard phone then take some precautions to secure your phone from threats.

There is Treo Pro unlocked smart phones where the user can choose the service provider of their choice and use local sim card while travelling. This is an advantage over other type of smart phones where the user has to continue with the services of one service provider for couple of years.

Try not to post your personal number or your email address. This is to prevent your personal details and the ids from getting hacked. Download games and files only from the trusted sites so as to prevent your mobile from any virus threats or spywares. Use firewall setting for safer internet connectivity.

Smart phones or full keyboard phones are of great use to the business professionals. They can use the small device to plan and arrange for all the activities on a day. They can manage the list of all the appointments and also connect with the office and give details of the activities undertaken.

The Benefits of Bluetooth Phones

Bluetooth technology uses short range radio waves to connect wirelessly the mobile devices within a short range. The technology uses radio waves of up to 2.4 GHz to connect the mobile devices.

To make your mobile phone Bluetooth mobile you need a small chip and GSM or CDMA feature on your mobile. Once the Bluetooth enabled mobile come within the range they exchange authentication details and the password and connect with each other. All the devices within the range connect by Bluetooth and form a network called as piconet.

The devices once connected wirelessly can exchange the files, wallpaper, songs, ringtones and host of other information till they are switched on. The chip like the cable transmits the information. This information is picked up by the receiver chip. All this exchange of data takes place at a particular level of radio frequency.

Once devices in the piconet exchange the authentication details and password, they get connected and exchange data at a speed of 1-2Mbps.

Benefits of Bluetooth phones

1. You can connect your mobile to your laptop and use your laptop for internet surfing, sending e-mails checking mails.
2. Different type of accessories are available to turn your mobile into a hands free set. These devices come in the form of headsets and car kits. You can use headset with iPod and MP3 player as well. They work on battery and are compatible with your mobile as well as your computer. You can also add a car kit which you can take anywhere. Kit provides you with wireless hands free communication while you drive your car. Kit has a multifunctional button which gives multifunctional feature to receive or disconnect the call. Some kits have push button and voice buttons to attend calls and select music. These car kits become functional as soon as you start your car. Such kits provide safety while driving as you don't have to hold mobile to your ear when you receive any call.
3. You can share information without using wire and cables.
4. Sharing of the data can be anywhere and at anytime as you need not carry different size wires and cables.
5. You can synchronize your calendar on your desktop or laptop. You can also synchronize the contact details and your plan on your palmtop and desktop.
6. You can compose the email on your portable PC while you are on your way to your office. Once you reach your destination you just switch on your mobile. All messages get delivered instantly.

Bluetooth phone give you wireless hand free communication besides giving you the internet capabilities.

How a Simple Admin Error can Get Your Mail Serve Hijacked

If you have set up a mail server then I do feel that you should really be very careful. Even a single mistake can lead to the downfall of your server and you will definitely find your mail server hijacked. If you will not be careful then you will easily find out that very soon somebody has got the hold of your mail server.

Until you are ready, you will find more than thousands of spam mail being sent by the spammer and your DNS has been blacklisted and your customer mail started bouncing.

This is really one of the questions which will really be hitting your mind. There is no doubt that if you will find the mail server hijacked then you are in serious trouble. The question really is simple and straight forward and that is how you can save your self from the mail server hijacking. The answer takes us deep into cryptography. I must say that the cryptography is the only way through which you can save your mail server from hijacking. You must know that if you want to feel safe then you will have to safeguard your password.

At present there is much software available in the market which can crack the password which you will set for your mail server. Hence the question really is that how can your safeguard your password.

You must have seen the replace option in various editing software. Write any word and then follow the technique such that replaces all the r with t and so on. This is a simple way of cryptography which you will find it easier to encrypt your password. However if you want to feel more safe then you will have to use the powerful encrypting techniques like such as the RSA algorithms and the DES algorithms. These are the cryptographic standards which will definitely help you a lot in protecting your mail server.

I would again repeat that if you want to really safeguard your mail server or anything related to computer then it is quiet sure that you will have to use some very powerful cryptographic techniques. You can not really neglect that hackers have become very powerful. They can really decipher almost everything. If you will talk about the DES then you will also come to know that even this powerful algorithm has been deciphered.

This is really one of the matters which can make any body frightened. You might find your clients question that their bank are not accepting their mail and taking them as spam. You must know that this all happen because of spammers and I do feel that you will have to take the immediate steps.

What Is an Internet Filter?

Internet filter is one of the methods to edit the content so that we do not get what we don't want. We only get that content which we are willing to see. The world of internet is not a small thing. You will definitely find all kind of contents on the internet. There is also some software piracy being carried out. What would you do if you just want the PDF files related to the topic which you have typed? I must say that you will definitely select the advance search of the Google or any other search engine and then use the search engine filter.

However you must also know that there are some inbuilt filters as well. You must know that the terrorist all around the world post the terrorizing videos on the websites like you tube. I do feel that no government would like their citizens to see these videos because it would definitely have an adverse affect on them. This matter comes under the extreme content.

You will also find some family filters as well. Apart from the family filter there are also some filters which stop the matter which tries to attack the moral value of the people or their religion.

Advantages of the internet filter

Following are the advantages of the internet filters

1. The internet filters are really very useful when we want to filter out the content. This really speeds up the search process because the search engine now knows that what they have to search for. For example if the search engine knows that it has to search for just images then he will not search the text.
2. It really allows the network administrator to have a check on their employees. They thus make sure that the employees do not have any other options other than to work properly.
3. It also protects from the virus and spywares which are really a threat to our computers. There are many sites whose only motto is to make sure is to spread the virus so that the entire network gets crash out.

Disadvantages of the internet filters

Apart from the advantages the internet filters do have some disadvantages. They are as follows

1. You will definitely find many filters which are really not well prepared. You will definitely find them blocking the websites which they should not block generally. Hence this might really create problem because you will not have the access to the data which you eagerly want to access.
2. It has not properly being implemented.

I must say that the internet filter is really one of the things which can really be very advantageous if it is being implemented properly.

Plasma Cutters

You must know that the plasma is the fourth state of the matter the other three being the solid, liquid and gas. The optimized use of the compressed gas channelized to generate an electric arc and it cuts through the metal sheet.

Industrialization and the allied processes have traversed the good and bad time in equal strides. The demand of the cutting edge technology has really increased in recent times. And one such cutting edge technology is the plasma - arc process. The plasma- arc process is not a new one. The history of the plasma arc goes beyond the time which is as old as the time when we were witnessing the zenith of the Second World War.

It is really well said that the requirements lead to invention and at that time there was a real requirement of the new technology in welding so that the process can be used I joining of the aircraft material. This effort leads to the invention of the method of the welding which used a proactive shield of inert gas. This shield functioned around the electric arc developed and protected the weld from oxidation or the reaction of the oxygen in the atmosphere on the weld.

The technology related to the plasma cutter was taken to the next level in the next two decade. It was soon found that if we restrict the opening through which the gas used to pass then the heat being generated is increased and this was really desirable for the process. It was also found out that the resultant which passed through the opening and in fact the reduction in the size of opening made the compressed gas to move even faster.

The plasma cutter really found the great application in no time. However the process was really very expensive. I do feel that whenever this has happened some new invention has taken place. For example you can take the example of the aluminum and you cannot forget the effort of Clark and it was only because of his effort that the price of the aluminum went on reducing. I do feel that the same thing happens with the plasma cutter technology. The manufacturer found it really very advantageous to burn the ferrous and non- ferrous metals. The plasma cutters which are available today are really very light and I must say that you easily transport them from one place to the other.

The cost of the process has also been reduced to almost nothing. Now this process is quiet affordable and the cost has really been reduced to the normal. These plasma cutters can be mounted on the trucks and we can take it to any site where we like.

Xbox360 Repair

An Xbox360 repair can be done by yourself and in the convenience of your own home. Make sure your system is clean and is getting proper airflow. To improve your system airflow, trying blowing compressed air into the perforations located on the back and sides of the system.
Xbox360 repair can be sometimes annoying if you do not have the appropriate information or tools to guide you. Your Xbox360 is without doubt, one of the precious possessions that you will be proud of, but it is not infallible.

The Xbox 360 is the second video game console produced by Microsoft and the successor to the Xbox. The Xbox 360 competes with the Sony's playstation3 and the Nintendo's WII as part of the seventh generation of video game console. The integrated Xbox live service allows players to compete online and download content such as arcade games, game demos, trailers, TV Shows, and movies.

The Xbox360 was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005 with detailed launch and game information divulged later that month at the electronic entertainment expo (E3). The console sold out completely at the release in all the regions except in Japan. And up till January 5th 2009 28 million units have been sold worldwide according to the Microsoft. The Xbox 360 is available in three configurations: the "ARCADE", The "Xbox360" and the "elite" console each with its own selection of accessories.

Xbox360 Repairing quick and easy steps:

1. Unplug the power and the AV cables and open your console. Never forget to unplug the console.other wise you can understand what will happen.
2. Disconnect the DVD drive and remove it from the chassis.
3. Disconnect and remove the fan and fan shrouds from the chassis.
4. Lift out the circuit board from the chassis.
5. Remove the X-clamps.
6. Remove your heat sinks, the studs from the heat sink and clean the thermal paste of the CPU, GPU and heat sinks.
7. Put the thermal paste over the CPU and GPU. Put the X-Clamp screw and the washer) into the circuit board.
8. Screw the heat sinks in place of the X-clamp screw kits.
9. Put the circuit board back in the chassis.
10. Connect the DVD drive and the fan. Do not snap the fan back in place yet. Place the fan face down (stickers down) with one fan over the CPU and one over the DVD drive. Reconnect the power and the AV cables. Turn on the Xbox 360 for 15 minutes and let it over heat. After 15 minutes turn the console off and let it cool down for 20 minutes. After 20 minutes turn the Unit back on and you should be rewarded with the green light.

I do feel that you will definitely be able to repair your Xbox 360 quiet easily if you will follow the above steps

IPod Shuffle the World's Most Wearable Music Player

This is a small and the simplest music player created by Apple. This colorful light weight portable music player gives you all the features so that you enjoy the music of your choice whenever and wherever you are.
It has a build in clip which goes whit almost anything. The clip helps you to wear it on your sleeves or tuck it to your bag or trousers or anywhere you what it to stay while you stay mobile. The controls are easy to understand. The central button is to play or pause. There are outer buttons which you can use to move back or forward and to adjust volume. They are very easy to operate.

The only drawback is that the shuffle has no screen. This sometimes makes the navigation difficult. If you are enjoy the songs in the order then there is no problem for you but for those who love to experiment and often switch forward or backward will find it hard to search the list to spot out the song of their choice.

The shuffle comes with the battery indicator. The battery life for this small handy device is about twelve hours. But the life also depends on its usage. If you are music addict and keep it close to your ear for about twelve to thirteen hours a day then you will need to recharge it every eight hours or so. Different colors indicate different state of battery. Amber means that the battery needs a recharge and red means the battery is zero and the shuffle will take up the service only if you recharge it.

The top of the shuffle has a headphone jack. The shuffle is encased in the anodized metal. The design is old one but still with the different colors in which the iPod is available and the simple controls which it makes it easy operate it is a hit among the music lovers.

As it is a product of apple hence you have to use their software to load the music list. For this you should use iTunes connect your shuffle with your computer and follow the instructions to load your shuffle with all the songs which you want to enjoy throughout the day. For this shuffle comes with a dock.

The iPod shuffle comes in glaring red, pink, silver and blue. Choose your color, sync this smallest digital music player to your computer and browse through the 3.5 million songs from the world's most popular digital music stores, follow the instructions on the screen and load your favorite songs. Next, wear your coin size iPod on your sleeves carry it wherever you want and enjoy the songs.

What Is Missing in Electric Car Designs?

Electric cars run on a set of batteries and an electric motor. These are the cars which emits less pollutants and help you save the amount that you spend on fuel. Electric cars are the vehicles which are both user friendly as well as environment friendly. But how are they different from their gasoline cousins?

They differ in the way they turn the wheels. The electric cars use the electric energy to run the wheels while the gasoline cars are the one which burn the petrol or diesel to turn the wheels.

When compared to the conventional cars how do they differ in design and which one is better?

No difference as such. Both are similar externally as well as internally. Both the cars types are available in similar designs. Both come in designs which have cozy interiors and beautiful colors. But the electric cars today much like their gasoline counterparts come in great designs which especially focus on interiors. These latest designs enable the electric cars to run around fifty miles or more with a single recharge.

Internally some electric cars may bypass the use of gasoline and engine completely and hence these structures in such cars may be lacking. While some electric vehicles may carry a secondary engine to provide the backup in case the battery expires and need a recharge. These electric cars thus carry a set of lithium ion batteries along with the electric motor which provide the electric power to run the car.

How electric cars are different form the hybrid cars?

Here you should not confuse the electric car designs with those of the hybrid cars. Hybrid cars are the one which use both electric and gasoline powers. They thus have both the gasoline engines and battery set ups which work together to drive the wheels and improve the fuel efficiency. But when it comes to fuel efficiency they still lag behind electric cars. This is because the hybrid cars still use petrol to function.

Summing up the difference

The conventional cars might take you miles every time you refuel them but it is the electric cars which help you to save the money. a gasoline car can drive about two fifty miles with every refuel and the electric cars can carry you for about hundred miles or so with a single recharge. This is the huge difference. But the easy and comfort which the battery driven cars bring is huge. Although the conventional engine is considered more efficient when it comes to the miles which you have to travel but when it comes to being economical it is the electric cars which come to the rescue.